How to Build Deck Stairs

Intermediate Level

Calculate rise/run, cut stringers, install treads that meet code: max riser, min tread, handrail requirements.

Materials Needed

Pressure-Treated Lumber
Structural Screws
Joist Hangers

Note

Max riser 7-3/4", min tread 10". Variation between tallest and shortest riser cannot exceed 3/8".

Note

Use stair gauges on your framing square. Even pros use them — they eliminate layout errors.

Step 1: Calculate Total Rise

Measure from landing surface to deck surface precisely. Even 1/2" error distributed across risers can exceed the 3/8" tolerance.

Step 2: Determine Risers

Divide total rise by 7.5" target. Round to nearest whole number. Actual riser = total rise ÷ riser count.

Step 3: Cut and Install

Use 2×12 PT for stringers. 3-1/2" minimum throat. Bottom riser shortened by tread thickness. Attach to deck with stringer hangers. 16" OC max for 5/4 treads.